Cohabitation Essays - Family, Mating, Intimate Relationships

Cohabitation The process of an unmarried couple living together is known as cohabitation. In earlier years this was a form of taboo, it was a cause of great concern and morality among most people. To live together before marriage meant that you were having premarital sex, which was the greatest area of concern in this moral debate. In 1968 Linda Leclair's (a student at Columbia University) enrollment was questioned when she moved into her boyfriend's apartment. The college allowed her to continue her education and Columbia, but with several restrictions as a consequence of her actions. (Myers, 1998) This is just one example of how the public viewed this radical new look on relationships. By the subjects involved was this a way to trial a marriage, a kind of relationship standard, "let's see if we can make it before we commit." Well this is what people thought whether it was right or wrong is a moral question whether it is beneficial or harmful to a marriage can be studied. The example of Linda, which I gave in the first paragraph, happened during a time of great revolution. During the 60's and 70's people began to take whole new perspective on the idea of relationship it was a time of "Sexual Revolution" and the start of the birth control pill along with other forms of contraception. (Collins/Coltrane, 1995) Another widely viewed theory is the feminist movement during about the same time. Women wanted to organize their lives, they wanted to finish college and move on to careers and this meant putting off marriage. (Collins/Coltrane, 1995) Women still wanted meaningful relationships without the difficulty of marriage, these factors along with changing times caused for a large influx of cohabitation. During the 1970's the cohabitation of unmarried couples tripled and in the 1980's doubled yet again. (Myers, 1998) With the large increase of cohabitation the views once associated with it started to dwindle. In 1989 300,000 first year college students were surveyed and 51 % believed that "a couple should live together before they are married." (Astin/others, 1989) This is in contrary to the ideas and morals of earlier years as I stated at the beginning of my paper. Cohabitation often works very similar to a real marriage. In 1991 nearly one third of the couples cohabiting had children, and sexual possessiveness is often regarded the same way, and they often have joint economic relationships as in marriage. (Blumstein/Swartz, 1991) With these new views on relationships together do people have a better chance of a long lasting marriage? Well according to studies done in the US and other various parts of the world cohabitation is not beneficial to a healthy marriage. In 1989 13,000 adults were surveyed and couples who live together before marriage are one third more likely to end in divorce within the next ten years. (Bumpass/Sweet, 1989) Along with the US Canada found out of 5300 women you have a 53 % greater chance of getting a divorce (Balakrishan/others, 1987) and in Sweden out of 4300 women you have a 80 % greater risk of your marriage ending in divorce. (Bennett/others, 1988) Myers points out though that couples more willing to live together before marriage are "more open to terminating unsatisfying relationships."(Myers, 1998) This may be an excuse for the data found but it no excuse for the decline of morality in the world. Cohabitation is not a way in which you can trial a marriage; it is was way to have an easy escape if things don't go exactly as planned. I agree with Myers when he says, "The very idea of cohabitation presumes that intimate relationship need not be permanent. It sees love as conditional rather than committed" (Myers, 1998) Data has proven that it isn't healthy to live together before marriage, and general morality as seen in earlier years says the same thing. So where are the benefits to cohabitation?

The History of the Invention of Blue Jeans and Denim

The History of the Invention of Blue Jeans and Denim In 1853, the California gold rush was in full swing, and everyday items were in short supply. Levi Strauss, a 24-year-old German immigrant, left New York for San Francisco with a small supply of dry goods with the intention of opening a branch of his brothers New York dry goods business. Shortly after his arrival, a prospector wanted to know what Mr. Levi Strauss was selling. When Strauss told him he had a rough canvas to use for tents and wagon covers, the prospector said, You should have brought pants! saying he couldn’t find a pair of pants strong enough to last. Denim Blue Jeans Levi Strauss had the canvas made into waist overalls. Miners liked the pants but complained that they tended to chafe. Levi Strauss substituted a twilled cotton cloth from France called serge de Nimes. The fabric later became known as denim and the pants were nicknamed blue jeans. Levi Strauss Company In 1873, Levi Strauss Company began using the pocket stitch design. Levi Strauss and a Reno Nevada-based Latvian tailor by the name of Jacob Davis co-patented the process of putting rivets in pants for strength. On May 20, 1873, they received U.S.Patent No.139,121. This date is now considered the official birthday of blue jeans. Levi Strauss asked Jacob Davis to come to San Francisco to oversee the first manufacturing facility for waist overalls, as the original jeans were known as. The two-horse brand design was first used in 1886. The red tab attached to the left rear pocket was created in 1936 as a means of identifying Levi’s jeans at a distance. All are registered trademarks that are still in use.

Time Management Portfolio Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words

Time Management Portfolio - Research Paper Example All the subordinates are interlinked with the various resources within the organization through a process called control. They are controlled and effectively monitored to ensure smooth sailing of all organizational activities. Time management on the other hand, refers to being able to carry out all your activities, within the allocated time period. An effective time manager does not run out of time. He manages to carry out all the transactions within the stipulated time frame. It is extremely necessary for various parties and individuals to be considerable time managers. This concept ensures efficiency; it ensures effectiveness and finally enables one to be fast in carrying out activities. It reduces redundancy of tasks, enables the organization operate on a planned scope. This is necessary for management to set the various goals and standards since they all depend and rely on time. Management is a doctrine that owes its existence to the ancient professionals. The various scholars an d personalities managed to be able to develop various theories that aided and guided the discipline. From Henry Fayol, to Abraham Maslow’s, they all gave their take on the topic management. This is necessary as it has ensured that the discipline’s tangibility remains and it has constantly continued to be regarded as an art, a principle that is learnt. Like management effective time management is also a skill acquired through time. ... After organizing the events or activities, the next step is to rank them in the order of urgency. The exact initial subjects that are urgent in terms of delivery production, time they are generally required, and finally the relationship to the returns are sorted out according to the list of urgency. The next step in the time management process is to gather all the necessary resources to be able to accomplish and achieve the said tasks. These involves gathering the necessary resources in terms of materials needed, human resources needed, the respective tools needed to complete the respective tasks. Allocation of the resources to the particular organizational endeavors is the next step. They are organized and finally the next step is to carry out the activity under siege. It is necessary to plan and manage the planned time. Time as stated is a scarce resources. Time is the only factor at the disposal of various organizations that enables people to carry out their various activities wel l. It is necessary to plan for it as it ensures effectiveness in the production process, it ensures quality in the well planned products and services offered, it reduces on wastage through effective planning of all the activities and resources the aspect of wastage is reduced as all the resources must have been planned for. It enables urgent orders to be completed with ease and efficiency; it reduces delays and fines charged as a result of a late delivery. As the saying goes, time is money and planning time well various organizational activities will also be planned well. This ensures effectiveness in the operations of the organizations and creates efficiency within the system. Time Management Portfolio As defined Time Management refers to being able to carry out all your activities,

Arts Article Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2750 words

Arts - Article Example The number of people who use art when they are influenced by the some past events or something thing that shows some of the messages or ideas in the minds. Because of such unique ability in artistic works some of the art work is also called master pieces. The thing that is taken in the art for formation is the objects and the painting which is counted in the pure arts and the chair which is form by the person counted under the artistic worlds. Fine art is the art that ideals with the less value and intention for making any object. However those hand made objects that are served as the functional purpose are called the crafts. The object has different division and it is classified as according with the creator of the object they are not counted with their physical appearance they are just counted with their creators. In the past years in eighteenth century art was related with the truth and beauty. However, after the modern things came in the art study there was also the changes took place in nineteenth century and art contained the modernist paintings. Those were the formation of art that is related with the discipline it contains the methods of discipline and criticize he discipline. Art education is concerned with that type education which is related to arts. Art education is based on the education that is called the visual and tangible arts that art which is visible to every one and the students learn about those arts are the art education. this art education includes drawing sculptures paintings things that are from antiques there are different t types of art education art education may be in drawing fabrics designing jewellery and may be the art education is as an artist of drawing paintings. This art education is used on large scale today for the designing of many hand made articles in the most advance form to use in the offices hotels or at home. This term art education has not the single meaning and it is not reserved only with the art of studying only a single thing it is that type of education which is related to many things. These arts are defined by the instruction and programming in the art area. Arts include some kinds these are: Performing Art: It is the art that is related to the music theatre and the art in front of the public it is that art which is totally different from the plastic art plastic art is called the visual art that art which is visible to every one. Performing art is the art that is explained with the body it is the body art too. there are so many types of performing arts such as acrobatics busking come dance at the stage magic music opera film juggling, the performing art is very famous in the Asian countries on the theatres and this art needs much practice before going to perform in front of the public it is the art fully related with the performance of the individual not concerned with the plastic art that is related with the materials made by hands. Plastic Art: It us the visible art it is the art that is related to the tangible items such as the architectures ceramics glass arts land art metal working paper art and many more this is the art about which many students are learning at different universities and are getting knowledge of creation of such arts. This type of

Standing Firm On The Word Of God Religion Essay

Standing Firm On The Word Of God Religion Essay Within life there are some things over which you have no control. They are the inevitable storms and adverse weather that life brings to us all. They are called seasons of struggle and times of testing. Our goal is not only to go through them but rather to grow through them by developing yourself and becoming a stronger, smart, and skilful person. Storms of Challenges in your life Thank God we have weather storms because, after they come and go, ever thing is brighter, fresher and clearer. Its the same in life, storms and wind may blow through your home, you may face many challenges, life becomes one big turmoil especially at a certain time of the month, you may become discourage by bad news, monthly bills, credit payment, letter from the bailiff, court prosecution; they can all bring anxiety, stress, frustration, depression, (Matt 14:31) Says you become fearful, your faith is weakens, and you doubt Gods Words. The thing is you will always have some sort of payment one way or the other to fork out each month. There is no immediate antidote to sort everything problem, but there is a place of calm, where the hustle and bustle of life challenges cant touch you. * Do you know that there are words in the Bible for every situation in your life?* When storms are blowing in your life you forget that Jesus is with you, you dont stand on His Word. (Matt 8:26) In spite of opposition and persecution, He promise us peace in the midst of suffering (Matt 14:27) He said be of good cheer, be not afraid. (Matthew 28:20) I am with you always, even to the end of the world Real Life Scenario: Before and after I came to Christ, I was a prisoner in my own home. I became frighten to answer the phone because by creditors would be asking for their money; I even went so far as to answer the take messages on my own behalf. When there was a knock at the door I would lower the volume on the television as not to be heard. It was only when I began to apply the scripture verses in my situation that I began to have peace. Look through the scripture for verses that talk about your situation, and speak them out, remind Jesus of his promise. Build a Foundation on the Rock (Word of God) During life there will be times when it may seam that there is an earthquake under you, attempting to shake your life, family and children as you go through one crisis after another (Matt 7: 24-27) Says build your house on the Rock which is the Word (Matthew 7:10) Jesus says A wise man built his house up a Rock, it did not fall, (Matthew 7:26) a foolish man build his house upon sand, flood, wind blew and beat upon it, and it fell and great was the fall of it. When your marriage is on the rocks, thats when you need to get on the Rocks and stand on Jesus and His Word. Build your life, marriage, and career, endeavours in and around the Word. Be careful of preachers, every preacher is not your Rock dont base youre life solely on them because there human beings, if they backslide your still built on the Rock (check what they say against the Scripture). Scenario: My pastor tells his congregation that he depends solely on God and not on his wife, and he advised her to do the same because he is only human. So build a solid foundation on the Rock (word of God), establish a personal relationship with God, and stay rooted in the Word of God, Spend time with God in Pray and in Meditation. He will disclose His thoughts, and help you to understand His word (Bible). Its not about believing, its about knowing God, when you know Him no one can shake your foundation. Fire of Challenges in Life Fiery troubles and challenges that rage around you are test and trials to strengthen you. Sometimes in life there will be a season when God will take you through a process where by He want to mature you, He may separate you from certain people around you, friends or even family, the enemy will be attacking you on all sides, and people may talk against you making falsely accused. There may be times when you feel totally isolated. (Isaiah 43:2) when you walk through fire you shall not be burned, neither shall the flame Kindle upon you, I will be with you. I will never leave you during your time of trial. (1 Peter 5-10) God will restore you, strengthen you, make you strong, and support you as you suffer for a little while) Conclusion We thank God for His goodness and mercies that continue to follow us each day. Regardless of the Storms and winds that blow through your home, earthquakes that attempt to shake your life, and the fires of challenges that rage around you. The Lord Jesus Christ has promised to see you through! So dont be shaken by what you see, simply focus on your Creator and you will have a brighter tomorrow, In Jesus name.

Reflection on Reading Essay

Looking Back In Order to Move Forward As a future elementary school teacher, I have always thought the task of teaching kids could be a rewarding and gratifying experience. However, I recently realized that in order to obtain these rewarding experiences the teacher and students must work hard and with determination. Learning to read can be a very daunting task for a youngster. Therefore, as a teacher, it is your job to facilitate positive reading strategies from the start. Looking back at my experiences as an early reader, I can gain some insight as to what might help or hinder my future students. I believe that one of the most important things you can do for your child is to start reading to them at an early age. Before I even became a school aged child my mother would sit on the couch with my brother and I just after lunch and read books. Sometimes it was a favorite book that we had picked and other times they were early reader books like Dick and Jane. I remember being snuggled up on the couch helping her point to the words as she read along. Then at bed time she would read aloud from a chapter book. My brother and I would eagerly open our minds to the words as they came off the page. Some of my fondest memories as a child are listening to my mother read Charlotte’s Web and Stuart Little to us. Since I consider reading to a child one the best ways to open their imagination to new worlds, I fully intend to different forms of literature into my classroom. I think by hearing an adult read aloud to a child, the child is then able to properly hear and feel the author’s intentions for tone and emotion of his or her book. I don’t think you are ever too old to sit and listen to a book, especially if you can open up a child’s mind to a book that he or she would never pick up on their own accord. I firmly believe that my mother laid the foundation for better success once I entered elementary school. My elementary school experience probably started out a little different than most kids. I lived in a little valley in East Napa County which currently has a population of 488. I sense that the population has stayed around 500 people since I was little. As I entered elementary school the class sizes were extremely small. In fact the school only had three classrooms total for grades kindergarten through eighth grade. My first teacher taught kindergarten through the 2nd grade all  in one classroom, while 3rd-5th was taught in the second classroom and 6th-8th in the last classroom. I had 4 other students in kindergarten with me at the time, a girl and three boys. Some might think this to be the ideal situation because of the attention that each student would get. However, I felt the complete opposite. The teacher was constantly busy trying to make sure the curriculum for each grade level was being taught and there was very little time for students that were struggling. I remember being put into groups and given workbook pages with very little instruction or guidance as to what was expected. Many of the boys had trouble with this approach and needed more guidance to get started in their tasks. The teacher often mistook the fact that they did not fully comprehend what was expected of them on the workbook pages as disobedience, which often lead to punishment. In order to curb the potential for punishment, the students who excelled helped those who struggled. I don’t really think this environment is particularly beneficial to children in elementary school. However, there were some great things about this learning environment that I really enjoyed. My teacher loved to sing and play the guitar and brought her love into the classroom with her. Every morning we would get into a circle and sing songs with her. Some of the songs were just plain fun songs to sing, but many of the songs taught us letter sounds, and phonics. I remember loving circle time and singing the songs to my mom when I got home from school. I believe that music can play an important part in helping children learn to read, and even though I am not a singer or musician I intend to use music in my classroom to enhance my students learning atmosphere. I feel learning the phonics of letters through the rhythms of music truly helped me as I began to sit down with my first readers. As I began applying what I was learning in the songs to some basic basal readers like Dick and Jane I was able to find patterns between the phonics in the songs and the words on the page. We had books that were themed each week with certain phonic sounds. The sound was then repeated throughout the book but in different words. We were able to take these books home and practice with our parents. I think that practice and repetition are key in continuing to recognize letters with their phonic sounds. I feel these books served the purpose of achieving good reading skills for me as a child, and continue to be helpful to children today as they learn to read. There are two other techniques that my teacher used to help teach us how to read. One I consider to be a good strategy and the other I am not too fond of. The first approach was using a tape recorder and head sets. We would sit down with a book and follow along with our finger as a voice was reading the book to us in our ear. I think this particular approach works because it releases the anxiety and stress of having to pick apart the words on a page in order to learn them. By following along they are able to develop listening skills and hear the correct pronunciation of the word and associate it with the word on the page. After listening to the book, we were asked to answer a few questions about we had just listened, which gave us our first exposure to comprehension. I feel this method works fairly well but could be enhanced by taking five to ten minutes to ask the students questions out loud about what they had just listened to, so they get accustomed to forming thoughts and speaking about books. The last tactic that my teacher used I found a little repressive. She would sit us down on the floor with sock puppets and speak to us in baby voices. Each week the puppets would present a new constant and vowel sound to us. I remember feeling a little disturbed, and telling my mom that my teacher was trying to pretend like she was on Sesame Street. My mom reminded me that I did not take too kindly to the puppets, and that I found them rather babyish. In our text book, Mosaic of Thought, Ellin writes that too often we draw negative conclusions about a child’s ability to comprehend and think at high levels when the problem is his or her ability to articulate that thinking. I believe that my teacher really underestimated her student’s ability to learn by teaching them with sock puppets. In all actuality, it really was not necessarily the sock puppets that really came into question, but the baby voices in which she used. These baby voices simulated that of someone talking to a toddler who is beginning to learn to speak. I think as children enter elementary school they want to feel important and what they are learning is significant, but I feel my teacher imposed the opposite effect on her student. She devalued the process of learning by speaking in baby voices and using puppets. After a few years my mom began to see the affects the school was having on my brother and I, and she decided to drive us thirty minutes each way to an elementary school in a nearby town. This change in atmosphere did wonders for both my brother and I, but the change did not happen until I was entering the 3rd grade. Once at this new school a whole new world opened up to me. We began reading newspapers, and sharing articles that we had read with the class. We started writing book reports and began to question what we were reading. I think the best part of the new school was having a whole classroom of students that were in the same grade. We were often separated into groups based on our reading level in order to read and discuss what we were reading. This helped my confidence tremendously. However it was not until I was in high school that the teachers began to try and teach active reading strategies, by seeking out the meaning in books like Catcher in the Rye and a Wrinkle in Time. I struggled with these new concepts, and still do as an adult. I think I could have greatly benefitted from starting this process at a younger age. As a future teacher, and parent, I firmly believe that in order for a child to become an active reader, and really learn to love books we need to unlock their minds to all possible reading strategies. We must have them begin questioning books and theories early, so that they learn to be active readers. I also believe that students need a parent who is actively in tune with the child’s learning process. When a parent shows the student how important reading is and shows gratitude towards progress being made, the child will excel in his class work. I think as a future teacher I will use some of the tried and true strategies like listening stations, and bringing words alive with music and rhythm. However I will not be afraid to deviate from the norm and experiment beyond the workbook pages in order to connect with my students. One of my greatest joys is reading, and I hope one day I can bestow that upon young children.

Heathrow and Gatwick Essay

These results show that 70% of businesses believe the expansion will allow them to expand, even if it is only slightly. This will most likely be due to the increase in demand enabling them to expand due to higher profits, or expanding out of necessity to access the larger market and cope with it. For instance computerising the system they work on so the business managers can cope with the increase in customers, and employing people to look after it. The 40% of businesses who claimed a great amount of expansion is possible are most likely directly involved with the airport and only catering for customers ad employees using it. Those businesses that expansion will not be an option open to them as a result of the expansion; will be again those businesses whose customer base is not linked to that of the airport. Evaluation of Primary Research To summarise, it is important to notice that all businesses are going to be affected one way or another by the expansion on the airport, and therefore all have a vested interest in it. This effect may be one of a beneficial or problematic nature. With the huge increase of passengers and employees using the airport, demand for many of the businesses will be set to rise. However this increase in demand could be less favourable to profits because of the possible increase in competition, which will lead to an inevitable raise in human resource and marketing costs, to maintain their competitiveness. Also, the expansion of the airport itself is likely to result giving businesses the option to expand themselves, to cater for the increase in demand, and the new needs of consumers that the expansion will produce. I received answers from 10 businesses in and around the area of Stansted Airport. The range of businesses with which I made contact was varying in both type of business and location, however it is unlikely the situation of all business is represented in these results, and therefore the primary research is not something I can completely rely on when coming to a conclusion. Secondary Research This graph shows a clear rise in the amount of passengers for the next two decades, with actual numbers in 2005 reaching 228million. The growth rate is very steady with only a slight slump in the later 2020’s, however the rate of increase is still good. This is an obvious good sign as the increase in the size of the market through continuous market growth gives airlines a much larger customer base. This following graph goes back further and takes pinpoints reasons for more dramatic slumps that have occurred: The only noticeable declines or slowing down of growth are the results of specific crises, similar to and including the attack on the World Trade Centre. However the most noticeable point in decline, with the slowest return to the earlier rate of growth, is the Oil Crisis in 1973, which essentially resulted in huge inflation within the oil industry. With the evident effect that the oil industry has on the Air Travel industry it will be important to consider its current state and future prospects. This graph clearly shows a continuous increase in the price of oil for the next decade, with no apparent evidence that it will slow down. With this increase in oil prices the Airlines variable costs are bound to increase because of their oil usage. This increase in variable costs will most likely be covered by an increase in the airlines flight prices. This table shows the price elasticity of demand for both ‘business’ and ‘leisure’ flights and overall measure. From the results we can determine that the demand for flights overall is certainly price elastic, therefore the increase in price of flights will affect the airline’s sales, specifically in leisure travel. This is backed up also by the results of a poll stating that 78% of people consider the cost of travelling plays a part in how often they are able to visit close friends and family members abroad. However, business flights are inelastic, although sales will go down, they will not go down at a rate that would be too effective to their profits if prices were raised. Therefore Stansted should try and attract as much of the business market as possible. Another factor of cost increase to consider is the taxes put on air travel. The Government is trying the counter the current environmental problem by placing higher taxes on air travel therefore attempting to reduce the amount of flights. This tax is set to rise soon and again almost double in 2010, and probably carry on rising. This increase in tax is likely to be passed on to passengers, therefore adding even more onto the price, on top of the oil increases. The director of the Gatwick Diamond Business Association (GDBA) stated that â€Å"This expansion is looking at increasing capacity by 10m passengers a year and that is going to bring substantial changes, meaning they could attract more business trade. † This is obvious great news for Stansted, with the apparent price in elasticity of the business flights, and the increasing oil prices. He then went on to say the expansion will increase Stansted’s capacity by 10m a year and will therefore increase its competitiveness with Gatwick. For customers this will be beneficial as the airports and airlines may then drop their prices in order to be more competitive, and try to develop a strong sense of brand loyalty. This chart shows the distribution of passengers flying from different airports: It clearly shows that the London airports have a large majority of the market share and with the expansion of Stansted this is very likely to become even higher, with the increased amount of destinations. Evaluation of Secondary Research This research shows clearly that passenger numbers are expected to increase and that Stansted Airport’s market share is very likely to rise within the growing market for air travel, specifically with the South Eastern Airports having a large majority of the market share. This increase in passengers will bring a large increase of the amount of people going to and from the airport and requiring the different services to do so and be comfortable, therefore increasing demand for many different types of business in and around the Airport, specifically from passengers flying for business purposes. Expansion at Stansted will however only have these desired effects if the airlines manage to keep their prices down, as this is evidently a price elastic business within leisure fliers who make up a large proportion of their customers, and with the impending taxation and oil price rises they must find a way to avoid the rise in variable costs affecting their product prices too much. This is especially important as there is a lot of competition from rival airports in the same area, Heathrow and Gatwick.